Icatshulwe kwi: “Inzululwazi yezitshabalalisi kunye noLawulo” Ushicilelo lwe-12, lowama-2022

Umbhali: Lu Jianjun

Ngokuthandwa kwe-e-commerce kunye ne-Intanethi kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni, ukuphuculwa kwenqanaba lemfundo yamafama, kunye nefuthe lobhubhani omtsha wesithsaba, indlela yokuphila "yokuvumela ulwazi luhambe ngakumbi kunye nohambo oluncinci lomzimba" iye yaba kukusukela. abalimi namhlanje.Kulo mongo, indawo yentengiso yendlela yemveli, enemigangatho emininzi engasebenziyo yokuthengisa izitshabalalisi iyacinezelwa ngokuthe ngcembe, ngelixa ukusebenza kwe-Intanethi kwezibulali zinambuzane kubonisa amandla, kwaye indawo yentengiso iyaqhubeka nokwanda, iba yifomathi eguqukayo.Nangona kunjalo, ukongamela ukusebenza kwe-Intanethi kwezibulali-zinambuzane akuqiniswanga ngaxeshanye, kwaye amanye amakhonkco anokusilela ekubekeni iliso.Ukuba akukho mpendulo isebenzayo ithathwayo, ayisayi kuba yingozi kuphela kuphuhliso olusempilweni lweli shishini, kodwa iya kuba yingozi kwimveliso yezolimo, ingeniso yamafama, ukhuseleko lwabantu kunye nezilwanyana kunye nokusingqongileyo, njl.njl. Yiba nefuthe elibi.

Ubume bangoku bokusebenza kwe-Intanethi yesitshabalalisi

imithetho efanelekileyo yelizwe lam imisela ukuba iNqaku lesi-2 “loMthetho woRhwebo lwe-E-le-People’s Republic of China” limisela ukuba imisebenzi ye-e-commerce phakathi kommandla wePeople's Republic of China iya kuthobela lo mthetho.I-e-commerce ibhekisa kwimisebenzi yeshishini lokuthengisa iimpahla okanye ukubonelela ngeenkonzo ngothungelwano lolwazi olufana ne-Intanethi.Ukusebenzisa i-Intanethi ukwenza imisebenzi yeshishini lokubulala izitshabalalisi kudidi lwe-e-commerce.Ke ngoko, abaqhubi be-Intanethi bemichiza yezitshabalalisi kufuneka babhalise njengamaqumrhu emarike ngokuhambelana “ne-E-Commerce Law yeRiphabhlikhi yaBantu baseTshayina”, kwaye imisebenzi yabo yeshishini kufuneka ihlangabezane neemfuno ezifanelekileyo.Apho imisebenzi yoshishino isilela ukwenza iimbophelelo zekhontrakthi, okanye ibangele umonakalo kwabanye, okanye isilele ukupapasha ulwazi lwelayisenisi yeshishini, ulwazi lwelayisensi yolawulo, kunye nolunye ulwazi kwindawo ebalaseleyo kwiphepha lasekhaya, baya kuthwala uxanduva lomthetho.Inqaku lama-21 le-“Administrative Measures for Pesticide Business Licensing” limisela ukuba izibulali-zinambuzane ezithintelweyo aziyi kusetyenziswa kwi-Intanethi, kwaye kuya kufunyanwa ilayisenisi yoshishino lwezitshabalalisi ukuze kusetyenziswe i-Intanethi ukusebenzisa ezinye izibulali-zinambuzane.

Ubume belizwe lam ekusebenzeni kwesitshabalalisi kwi-Intanethi Umsebenzi we-Intanethi wokubulala izitshabalalisi ngokuqhelekileyo usebenzisa iiplatifti ze-e-commerce zeqela lesithathu, elinye ngamaqonga ee-commerce emveli, aziwa ngokuba yi-e-commerce yokukhangela, njengeTaobao, JD.com, Pinduoduo, njl. .;enye ngamaqonga amatsha e-e-commerce, Ekwabizwa ngokuba yinzala ye-e-commerce, efana neDouyin, Kuaishou, njl.Ngokomzekelo, i-Huifeng Co., Ltd. kunye ne-China yoPhuhliso lwe-Pesticide kunye ne-Application Association baye baqhuba i-platform ye-e-commerce "Nongyiwang".Okwangoku, i-Taobao.com yeyona ndawo inkulu yorhwebo lwe-e-commerce kwishishini le-pesticide, kunye neenkampani ezingaphezu kwe-11,000 ze-e-commerce ezisebenza kwi-pesticides, ezigubungela phantse iintlobo ze-4,200 ze-pesticide ezibhaliswe kwilizwe lam.I-Feixiang Agricultural Materials yinkampani ye-e-commerce enesona sikali sikhulu sokusebenza kwezitshabalalisi phakathi kwamaqonga e-e-commerce emveli.Ukuthengiswa kwayo, inani labatyeleli, inani labaphandi, izinga lokuguqulwa kwentlawulo kunye nezinye izibonakaliso zibeke kwindawo yokuqala kwiminyaka emithathu elandelelanayo.Iirekhodi ezingaphezu kwe-10,000 yuan."I-Nongyiwang" ithatha imodeli yamanqanaba amathathu "yeqonga + indawo yokusebenzela + i-ejenti yokuthenga yasemaphandleni", kwaye isebenzisana nabavelisi abaphezulu be-200 abaziwayo kwishishini ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso kunye nokuqinisa ngokubambisana iinzuzo ze-brand.Ukusukela ekusungulweni kwayo ngoNovemba ka-2014, iye yaphuhlisa ngaphezu kwama-800 eendawo zokusebenzela ezikwinqanaba lesiphaluka, yabhalisa ngaphezu kwe-50,000 yeearhente ezithengayo, kwaye yaqokelela intengiso engaphezulu kwebhiliyoni enye yeyuan.Indawo yenkonzo ibandakanya i-70% yeendawo zokulima zasekhaya kwaye ngamashumi ezigidi.Amafama abonelela ngezixhobo zolimo ezikumgangatho ophezulu nezinexabiso eliphantsi.

Iingxaki kwiMisebenzi ye-Intanethi yePesticide

Kunzima kumafama ukukhusela amalungelo awo.Ukuthenga amayeza okubulala izitshabalalisi nge-Intanethi kwahlukile ekuthengeni izibulali-zinambuzane kwiivenkile eziphathekayo.Abathengi nabasebenzi be-pesticides abadibani, kwaye xa kuvela iingxabano zomgangatho, abakwazi ukunxibelelana ubuso ngobuso.Kwangaxeshanye, amafama akasayi kucela ii-invoyisi kubarhwebi ukuba bacinga ukuba iyingxaki ngokubanzi, nto leyo ebangela ukuba akukho siseko sithe ngqo sentengiselwano ngezibulali-zinambuzane.Ukongezelela, amafama akholelwa ukuba ukukhuselwa kwamalungelo kudla ixesha kwaye kufuna umsebenzi omkhulu, kwaye amanye amafama acinga ukuba alahlekelwe kwaye akhohlisiwe kwaye athwala ilahleko.Ezi zizathu zingentla zikhokelela ekunqongopheleni kolwazi lokhuseleko lwamalungelo amafama kunye nokunqongophala kwesakhono sokukhusela amalungelo awo.Ngokukodwa emva kweengozi zokulimala kwezityalo, ngenxa yokuba abalimi abayiqondi imithetho kunye nemimiselo efanelekileyo, endaweni yokunika ingxelo kumagunya afanelekileyo ezolimo nasemaphandleni ngexesha elifanelekileyo, ukulungisa ubungqina, ukubhala iimpawu zokulimala, kunye nokulungelelanisa ukuchongwa kokulimala, bakhalaza kuyo yonke indawo ngoku. ngokwabo, kwaye baphosa ingxelo yobubi.Elona xesha lilungileyo likhokelela ekunyamalaleni kobungqina, nto leyo ekugqibeleni eyenza kube nzima ukukhusela amalungelo.

Izinga lokuphumelela kwezibulali-zinambuzane liphantsi.Kwelinye icala, abasemagunyeni kwezolimo nasemaphandleni bagxile ikakhulu kulawulo lwamashishini angekho kwi-intanethi kwimarike yezitshabalalisi, ukunqongophala kwamava kulawulo lwe-e-commerce, kudityaniswa nezinto ezifana nexesha elikhulu kunye nesithuba sendawo yokusebenza kwenethiwekhi, kunye nobunzima. lophando kunye nokuqokelelwa kobungqina.Ubuthathaka.Ngokukodwa, amaqonga afana neDouyin kunye neKuaishou, kunye nabarhwebi abanxulumeneyo batyhala iimveliso kwindawo ukuya kwindawo ngokwemiqathango yokutyala kwamafama kunye neempawu zokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi.Iziphathamandla zolawulo azikwazi ukufikelela kulwazi lwemveliso, ngoko ke azikwazi kuphumeza ukongamela ngokucokisekileyo.Kwelinye icala, amanye amafama anika ingqwalaselo kuphela ukusebenza kokukhuthazwa kwelebhile, kwaye bacinga ukuba okukhona ubuninzi bolawulo lwemveliso, kokukhona, kokukhona kuncitshiswa idosi yechiza, kokukhona bhetele, kwaye inkulu kwaye ngakumbi “yangaphandle. ” igama lenkampani, kokukhona inkampani iya kuba namandla ngakumbi.Ngenxa yesigwebo sayo esinempazamo, izibulali-zinambuzane zomgunyathi nezingaphantsi ziye zafumana indawo ethile yokuhlala, kwaye ukuthengiswa kweentlobo ngeentlobo zezibulali-zinambuzane kwi-intanethi ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kulahlekisa, kwaye kunzima ukwahlula okuhle kokubi.

Inkqubo yokufikelela kushishino lwe-intanethi ye-pesticide kufuneka isekwe.Kwelinye icala, akukho ndlela ikhethekileyo yokubeka iliso kwishishini lezibulali-zinambuzane kwi-intanethi.Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zoshishino lwenethiwekhi.Okwangoku, iifom ze-e-commerce eziphambili ze-pesticide zibandakanya uhlobo lweqonga kunye nohlobo lwevenkile olusebenza ngokuzimeleyo, olunokuthi luthembele kwi-platform ye-e-commerce yomntu wesithathu , Unokwakha iwebhusayithi yakho, i-WeChat, i-QQ, i-Weibo kunye nezinye iintengiso, zonke iintlobo. .Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukubeka iliso kunye nokulandelelwa kweentengiso ezikhutshwe ngabaqhubi be-Intanethi akukafiki ngexesha.Ezinye izibhengezo zevidiyo, iintengiso ezibhaliweyo, kunye neentengiso ezirekhodiweyo zikhutshwa ngokuthe ngqo ngaphandle kokuphononongwa ngabasemagunyeni abanobuchule kwezolimo nasemaphandleni.Kunzima ukuqinisekisa ukuba semthethweni kwamaqumrhu oshishino kunye neemveliso.Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukulawula ukusuka kumthombo kunye nokulinganisa inkqubo yokufikelela engqongqo, ehambelana nophuhliso oluphilileyo noluzinzileyo lwe-pesticide e-commerce.

Kunzima ukucebisa ngokwenzululwazi izibulali-zinambuzane.Inqaku le-20 le "Amanyathelo oLawulo lweLayisensi yoShishino lwePesticide" lichaza ukuba abathengisi bezinambuzane kufuneka babuze abathengi malunga nokwenzeka kwezitshabalalisi kunye nezifo, kwaye xa kuyimfuneko, bajonge ukwenzeka kwezinambuzane kunye nezifo kwindawo leyo, bacebise izibulala-zinambuzane ngokwesayensi, kwaye akufanele balahlekise. abathengi.Ngoku izibulali-zinambuzane zithengiswa kwi-intanethi, eyenza inkqubo yenkonzo ibe lula.Uninzi lwabo ngabathengi kunye nabathengisi.Kunzima ukuba abaqhubi babuze abathengi, bajonge ukwenzeka kwezifo kunye nezinambuzane ezonakalisa izinambuzane kwalapho, kwaye bancome ngokwesayensi amayeza okubulala izitshabalalisi.Ngaphezu koko, ukuthatha ithuba lolawulo olubuthathaka lwe-pesticides kwinethiwekhi, ukucebisa amayeza okubulala izinambuzane ezidlula uluhlu kunye nokugxila.Ngokomzekelo, abanye abaqhubi benethiwekhi ye-pesticide bathatha i-avermectin njenge-adjuvant ye-pesticide.Ngokufanelekileyo, cebisa nje ukongeza i-abamectin ngokuthanda.

Amanyathelo okuthintela ukulinganisa ulawulo lwe-Intanethi lwezitshabalalisi

Ukulungisa iMimiselo yoLawulo lweZitshabalalisi, eyokuqala kukucacisa inkcazo yezibulali-zinambuzane ezisebenza kwi-Intanethi.Nakuphi na ukusetyenziswa kwamaqonga e-e-commerce, iiqonga zevidiyo ezimfutshane, i-WeChat kunye nolunye uthungelwano lwe-elektroniki kunye nobuchwepheshe bolwazi lwe-point-to-point okanye i-point-to-multiple promotion and sales of pesticides falls in the category of Internet pesticide business.Okwesibini kukuqinisa isiqinisekiso seshishini kunye nolawulo lokuziphatha.Ukuze ubani asebenzise izibulali-zinambuzane kwi-Intanethi, ufanele afumane ilayisenisi yokushishina ngezitshabalalisi, asebenzise inkqubo yeleja yokuthenga neyokuthengisa, aze abhale ngokunyanisekileyo inkcazelo yonikezelo, izazisi zabathengi, nezityalo ezigalelwe ngezibulali-zinambuzane.Okwesithathu kukucacisa ukuba umbhalo, imifanekiso, iaudio kunye nolunye ulwazi olunxulumene nomgangatho kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane ezikhutshwe ngabaqhubi be-pesticide kwi-Intanethi ziyinxalenye yentengiso ye-pesticide, kwaye umxholo wabo kufuneka uvunywe ngabasemagunyeni abanobuchule bezolimo nasemaphandleni.

Ukuseka inkqubo yerekhodi yokusebenza kwe-Intanethi yesibulali-zinambuzane Kwelinye icala, xa oogunyaziwe bezolimo nabasemaphandleni befaka isicelo selayisenisi yokusebenza kwezitshabalalisi okanye befaka isicelo sokuhlaziya iphepha-mvume lokusebenza, kufuneka benze uphando kubaqhubi kwaye babhale phantsi isibulali-zinambuzane kwi-Intanethi.Iindidi zezitshabalalisi, imifanekiso, imibhalo, iividiyo kunye nolunye ulwazi olupapashwe kwi-intanethi.Okwesibini kukulungelelanisa ulwazi olurekhodiweyo kwilayisenisi yeshishini lezinambuzane kunye nokwandisa ulwazi lweqonga kwishishini le-intanethi ye-pesticide.Okwesithathu kukuqhuba ukufakwa kweentlobo zezitshabalalisi ezisebenza kwi-Intanethi.Iindidi ezisebenza kwi-Intanethi kufuneka zivunywe ngabasemagunyeni abanobuchule kwezolimo nasemaphandleni ukuze babhalise, bakhuphe iilayisensi zemveliso, iilebhile kunye nolunye ulwazi phambi kokuba zithengiswe kwi-intanethi.

Ukuqinisa ukongamela nokuthotyelwa komthetho.Isebe lezolimo, likunye nolongamelo lwemarike, ukhuseleko loluntu, kunye neenkonzo zeposi, lasungula iphulo elikhethekileyo lokulungisa imisebenzi ye-Intanethi yezibulali-zinambuzane.Eyokuqala kugxininise ekupheliseni abathengisi bemichiza yokubulala izitshabalalisi abangenaziqinisekiso kunye nokucutha kanobom ukuthengiswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane ezivaliweyo nezithintelweyo.Okwesibini lunxibelelwano lwe-intanethi kunye nokulawula ngaphandle kwe-intanethi, ukukhangela umgangatho ongundoqo kwiintlobo ezinokuthi ukusetyenziswa kwazo kuphezulu kakhulu kuneemveliso ezifanayo kwaye ixabiso lazo liphantsi kakhulu kuneemveliso ezifanayo, kunye nezibulali zinambuzane ezingeyonyani nezingaphantsi ziyaphandwa kwaye kujongwane nazo. ngokomthetho.Okwesithathu kukwenza uhlolo lwemisebenzi yeshishini, ngakumbi ukunqanda indlela yokuziphatha yokucebisa ukusetyenziswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane ezidlula umda wokusetyenziswa, ukugxininiswa, kunye nokuphindaphinda kokusetyenziswa ngokuhambelana nomthetho.Yalela iiplatifti ze-e-commerce ezingekho mgangathweni kunye nabaqhubi be-pesticide kwi-Intanethi ukuba benze izilungiso ngaphakathi kwexesha elilinganiselweyo, kwaye baphande kwaye bajongane nabaqhubi abangenzi izilungiso okanye abangahlangabezani neemfuno emva kokulungiswa.

Yenza umsebenzi omhle kuluntu kunye noqeqesho.Okokuqala, ngokusekelwe "kuMthetho we-E-Commerce weRiphabhlikhi yaBantu baseTshayina", "uMthetho weNtengiso weRiphabhlikhi yaBantu baseTshayina", "iMimiselo yoLawulo lwePesticide", "Amanyathelo oLawulo lweLayisensi yoShishino lwePesticide", njl. uqeqesho malunga neemeko zokufaneleka kunye nomgaqo wokuziphatha weshishini le-intanethi ye-pesticides, ukuhlolwa kokuthenga, iteknoloji yokulawula izinambuzane, ulawulo lwentengiso yezitshabalalisi, njl njl. Okwesibini kukuqeqesha amafama ngeendlela zokuchonga izibulali-zinambuzane ezingeyomgunyathi kunye neziphantsi, ukusetyenziswa kwenzululwazi kunye nengqiqo yezibulali zinambuzane. kunye nolunye ulwazi, ukuze amafama aphuhlise umkhwa wokucela iirisithi zokuthenga xa kuthengwa izibulali-zinambuzane, kunye nokuxela iingozi zokusetyenziswa kwe-pesticide kumagunya ezolimo asekuhlaleni ngexesha elifanelekileyo, ukwenzela ukuba komelezwe ukuqonda kwabo ukukhuselwa kwamalungelo kunye nokuphucula amandla okukhusela amalungelo.

Umthombo: "Inzululwazi yezitshabalalisi kunye noLawulo" ukukhutshwa kwe-12, ngo-2022